Natural Soap Introduction
Soap is essential for everyone, young or old,
men or women, wealthy or poor, all use it. The origin of the word
''soap" is traced to sacrificial Mount Sapo of primeval Roman
legend. The blend of fat and wood ashes that reacted to develop
soap was carried by rain to the shores of the Tiber River
and was discovered as a clay deposit helpful for cleaning garments.
Soap, cleansing agent or detergent are made from animal and vegetable
fats, oils, and greases; chemically, soaps are the metal (commonly
sodium or potassium) salts of long chain fatty acids mainly
Palmitic (C15 H31 COOH), Stearic (C17 H35 COOH) and oleic (C17 H33
COOH) acids.
1 Soap use has a long history for instance, purifying agents mentioned
in the bible Jeremiah 2:22 and Malachi 3:2 were a certain type of
soaps. During the 1st century there were various forms of hard and
soft dye-containing soaps known as rutilandis capillis, which
in the past had been used by women to wash and impart brilliant
colors to the hair. Soap making was widespread in Italy and
Spain during the eight century. During the thirteen century,
when the soap manufacturing was introduced from Italy into France,
most soap was created from the tallow of goats, with beech ash
furnishing the alkali. The French, after carrying out tests,
developed a process of making soap from olive oil instead
of from animal fats and, about 1500, establish their discoveries
into England. The industry in England grew quickly and in 1622 was
a givem special privilege by King James I. In 1783 the Swedish chemist
Carl Wilhelm Scheele by accident simulated the reaction that
occurs in the contemporary boiling process of soap making, when
he boiled olive oil with lead oxide, producing a sweet-tasting
matter now known as glycerin. The manufacturing of soap was
revolutionized in 1791 by the French chemist Nicolas |
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